Maps of Africa

Historic and contemporary maps of Africa, including political and physical maps, pre-colonial and colonial maps, climate maps, relief maps, population density and distribution maps, vegetation maps, and economic/resource maps.
Portuguese Discoveries in Africa, 1340–1498
A map of Africa from 1906 showing Portuguese discoveries along the coast from 1340 to 1498. The map shows Cape Sagres and Lagos, Portugal, point of embarkation for voyages of exploration under Prince Henry "the Navigator" (1394-1460). This ...
Pre-Colonial Africa, 17th and 18th Centuries
Map of Africa in the 17th & 18th centuries. This map is color–coded to show the possessions of European powers established in Africa, circa 1790, including Portuguese, English, Spanish, French, Dutch and Danish claims, and the Turkish Ottoman c...
Pre-Colonial Africa, 1858
Map of Africa in 1858, prior to the extensive European colonization of the continent established at the Berlin Conference of 1885. This map shows the European possessions of the Cape Colony, Natal, and Orange River Free State, and the native African ...
Pre-Colonial Africa, 1870
A physical and political map of Africa prior to the Berlin Conference of 1885, which established the European colonial territory claims on the continent. This map shows the African states of Morocco, Algiers (Algeria), Tripoli, Egypt, Nubia, Abyssini...
The Colonization of Africa, 1870–1910
A map showing the European colonization of the African continent before and after the Berlin Conference of 1885, when the most powerful countries in Europe at the time convened to make their territorial claims on Africa and establish their colonial b...
Pre-Colonial Africa, 1872
A map of Africa showing the continent prior to the Berlin Conference of 1885, when the most powerful countries in Europe at the time convened to make their territorial claims on Africa and establish their colonial borders at the start of the New Impe...
Relief Map of Africa, 1872
A relief map from 1872 of Africa showing the major river, lake, desert and mountain systems on the continent. ...
Native Territories and European Possessions in Africa, 1876
A map of Africa in 1876 showing native African States and European possessions of Britain, France, Spain and Portugal prior to the Berlin Conference of 1885. On this map, European possessions include Algeria, Cape Colony, Griquala Land West, Orange R...
Physical and Political Map of Africa, 1879
Map of pre-colonial Africa, showing the predominately native countries and territories of the African continent in 1879. The counties include the Barbary States of Morocco, Algeria, Tunis, Tripoli and Fezzan, the Egyptian territories of Egypt Proper,...
Pre-Colonial Africa, 1883
A map of Africa showing the continent prior to the Berlin Conference of 1885, when the most powerful countries in Europe at the time convened to make their territorial claims on Africa and establish their colonial borders at the start of the New Impe...
Africa before the Berlin Conference, 1884
This is an interesting map of Africa showing the continent before the Berlin Conference of 1885, when the most powerful countries in Europe at the time convened to make their territorial claims on Africa and establish their colonial borders at the st...
Mountain Systems of Africa, 1885
An orographic relief map of Africa showing the major mountain systems and highlands of the African continent, including the Atlas Mountains, Plateau of Abyssinia, Kong Mountains, and Cameroon Mountains. This map also shows the major river systems....
Pre-Colonial Africa, 1885
A map of the African continent prior to the Berlin Conference of 1885, when the most powerful countries in Europe at the time convened to make their territorial claims on Africa and establish their colonial borders at the start of the New Imperialism...
Relief Map of Africa, 1890
A relief map from 1890 of Africa showing the major mountain, desert, river, and lake systems on the continent. "The whole continent is a moderately–elevated plateau surrounded of all sides by marginal mountains which either slope abruptly ...
Orographic Chart of Africa, 1891
An outline map showing the various mountain features and plains on the African continent. The map has reference numbers to the prominent features, and includes the inland drainage basin of Lake Tchad....
Congo State, 1893
Map showing the location of the Congo State within the African continent, with the equator and Congo River indicated. The Congo State, controlled by Leopold II of Belgium, was established in 1885 as a corporate state similar to the British East India...
Relief Map of Africa, 1897
Relief map of Africa showing the major river, lake, and mountain systems on the continent. Also shown are surrounding waters, island groups, and the latitudes of the Equator, Tropic of Cancer, and Tropic of Capricorn....
Colonial Africa, 1897
Map of Africa in 1897 showing the European land claims established by the Berlin Conference of 1885. This map also shows major cities and towns, mountain regions, deserts, and river systems....
Africa, 1897
Map of Africa in 1897 showing European colonial possessions and spheres of influence, and the independent territories at the time. The map is color–coded to show the areas controlled by the British, French, German, Turkish, Italian, Portuguese,...
Comparative size of Africa and the United States, 1899
Map illustrates the size of Africa by superimposing the United States over it....
Colonial Africa, 1899
Map of Africa in 1899 showing the colonial possessions of European powers on the continent established at the Berlin Conference of 1885. This map shows major cities and trade centers, railroad routes and canals, major river systems, and sub–bas...
Political and Physical Africa, 1901
A map from 1901 of the political and physical features of Africa. The map uses color–contouring to show highlands above 2000 feet in buff tints, lowlands in greens, and the submerged part of the continental plateau in light blue. The map shows ...
Africa, 1901
A map from 1901 of Africa showing political boundaries and capitals, principal cities and towns, mountain systems, rivers, lakes, and coastal features. The map is color–coded to show the European possessions of the British, French, Germans, Tur...
Geopolitical Map of Africa, 1902
A physical map of the African continent showing general elevations color coded as highlands above 2,000 feet in buff tints, lowlands in green tints, and the offshore continental shelf in light blue. Major rivers, lakes, mountains, and other landforms...
Colonial Africa, 1902
A map of Africa in 1902 showing the European colonial possessions established at the Berlin Conference in 1885, and the Turkish or Ottoman possession of Tripoli. This map shows major cities, rivers, and mountain systems, canals and head of navigation...
Colonial Africa, 1903
A political map of Africa, as it was in 1903, showing European land claims after the Berlin Conference in 1885. The lack of natural boundaries, that is, boundaries along rivers, mountains, or native lands, shows the European system of arbitrary bound...
Landforms of Africa, 1904
A map from 1904 of Africa and Madagascar showing the principal mountain, lake, and river systems. Mountain chains are shown with heavy black lines....
Colonial Africa, 1904
A map of Africa shortly after the Berlin Conference of 1885, which established the European colonial territory claims on the continent. These European and independent boundaries include Algeria and the Saharan Sphere of French Influence, Tripoli, Egy...
Africa, 1906
A map of African countries and European territorial claims in 1906, showing major cities and trade centers, major rivers and landforms, and trade routes. An Inset map details the Nile Delta and Suez Canal, showing the Suez and the Canal of Rashid, ra...
Africa, 1906
A map of the African continent in 1906 showing European land claims such as British East Africa, German East Africa, Portuguese East Africa, Italian Somalia, and others, and European colonies and corporate states such as Cape Colony, Vaal River Colon...
Relief Map of Africa, 1906
A relief map from 1906 of Africa and Madagascar showing the major river, lake, and mountain systems of the continent. ...
Elevations of Africa, 1906
A map of the African continent showing general color–coded elevations, including areas below sea level in purple, lowlands in green, elevations above 1,000 feet in buff, and elevations over 4,000 feet in red. Political divisions of the time are...
Plants of Africa, 1906
A pictorial map of the African continent showing various plant types found in the regions of Africa, including wheat, sago palm, cotton, banana, cocoanut, oil palm, river grass, and fan palm....
Animals of Africa, 1906
A pictorial map of the African continent showing animals found in the various regions of Africa....
European Possessions of Africa, 1906
A map of Africa after the Berlin Conference of 1885, which established the European colonial territory claims on the continent. This map shows the Belgian, British, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish claims, and the Turkish claim to Egy...
Africa: European Possessions, 1909
A map of Africa in 1909 showing the European land claims established by the Berlin Conference of 1885. British, German, French, Spanish, and Portuguese possessions are shown, as well as major cities and towns, railroad and trade routes, and major riv...
Rainfall in Africa, 1910
A map showing area precipitation and the direction and effects of wind currents on the African continent, including the desert regions in the trade wind and horse latitude belts, and the region of heavy rainfall in the belt of calms....
Rainfall in Africa, 1910
A map from 1910 of Africa showing area precipitation and the direction and effects of wind currents on the African continent, including the desert regions in the trade wind and horse latitude belts, and the region of heavy rainfall in the belt of cal... 
Colonial Africa, 1910
A map of Africa after the Berlin Conference of 1885, which established the European colonial territory claims on the continent. This map shows the British, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish claims, and the Ottoman possession of Tripoli...
Physical Map of Africa, 1910
A physical map of the African continent showing general color coded land elevations and water depths. This map shows rivers and prominent landform features, including highland regions, plateaus, mountains, and desert oases....
Africa - Density of Population, 1910
Map showing the population density of Africa in 1910 measured in inhabitants per square mile. Cities with populations over 100,000 are shown....
The Story of Africa, 1912
A stylized relief map of Africa, showing the Sahara, major rivers and lakes, mountains, "wild country," and other features. The Sahara is labeled as "The Great Desert that No Man Could Cross." with pyramids and temples drawn along...
Colonial Africa, 1912
Map of Africa showing European colonies and independent countries. Also shows waterways, railroads, and cities. Includes an insert map of Cape Verde Islands....
Production of Iron, Manganese, and Chromic Iron Ores in Africa, 1913
"Production of iron, manganese, and chromic iron ores in Africa in 1913...Each dot represents 1 per cent of world's production. A cross represents less than 1/2 per cent of world's production...Mandatories for former German colonies and changes ...
Production of Coal in Africa, 1913
"Production of coal in Africa in 1913 and approximate outlines [in red] of coal fields... [x] Represents 1/2 to 1/10 per cent of world's production. [v] Represents less than 1/10 per cent of world's production...Mandatories for former German col...
Production of Phosphate, Nitrates, and Potash in Africa, 1913
"Production of phosphate, nitrates, and potash in Africa in 1913... Each dot represents 1 per cent of world's production. A cross represents less than 1/2 per cent of world's production...Mandatories for former German colonies and changes in bou...
Production of Graphite, Magnesite, and Sheet Mica in Africa, 1913
"Production of graphite, magnesite, and sheet mica in Africa in 1913... Each dot represents 1 per cent of world's production. A cross represents less than 1/2 per cent of world's production...Mandatories for former German colonies and changes in...
Production of Tungsten in Africa, 1913
"Production of Tungsten in Africa in 1913... A cross represents less than 1/2 per cent of world's production...Mandatories for former German colonies and changes in boundaries of territories in Africa are shown on map of Africa in the introducto...
Production of Petroleum in Africa, 1913
"Production of Petroleum in Africa in 1913... A cross represents less than 1/2 per cent of world's production...Mandatories for former German colonies and changes in boundaries of territories in Africa are shown on map of Africa in the introduct...
Production of Gold, and Silver in Africa, 1913
"Production of gold, and silver in Africa in 1913... Each dot represents 1 per cent of world's production. A cross represents less than 1/2 per cent of world's production...Mandatories for former German colonies and changes in boundaries of terr...
Colonial Africa, 1914
A map of Africa in 1914, showing the presence of European powers, including British, French, German, Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, and Belgian possessions. Native states, major cities and major railways are also shown. This map reflects European impe...
Africa Prior to WWI, 1914
A political sketch map of Africa just prior to WWI in 1914, showing the colonial possessions of European powers established at the Berlin Conference of 1885. The map shows the territorial claims of the British, French, German, Portuguese, Spanish, an...
Countries, Districts, and Provinces of Africa, 1914
A map of the African continent in 1914 showing the European possessions at the time. This map shows major cities and trade centers, with railroads, rivers, canals, shipping routes, and major ports. Insert maps detail Madagascar, and the islands of As...
Africa - Physical, 1915
Physical map of Africa showing major landforms and waterways, including the Atlas Mountains, Mount Kilimanjaro, the Saharan, Libyan, Arabian, and Kalahari Deserts, The Upper and Lower Guinea Coasts, the Congo Basin, Lake Victoria, and the Nile, Niger...
Economic Map of Africa, 1915
A map from 1915 of Africa and Madagascar showing the principal economic products of the area. The map is keyed to show areas of production for rubber, gum arabic, dates, cotton, gold, ivory, and cattle breeding. Other products are named in red. The m...
Temperature in Africa in January, 1915
A map from 1915 of Africa and Madagascar showing mean temperatures throughout the region in January, given in degrees Fahrenheit. The map is color–coded to show the temperate temperatures below 70° in greens and yellow, and warm temperature...
Temperature in Africa in July, 1915
A map from 1915 of Africa and Madagascar showing mean temperatures throughout the region in July, given in degrees Fahrenheit. The map is color–coded to show the temperate temperatures below 70° in greens and yellow, and warm temperatures a...
Rainfall in Africa in January, 1915
A map from 1915 of Africa and Madagascar showing mean rainfall distribution throughout the region in January, given in inches of precipitation. The map is color–coded to show the areas of sparse, moderate, and heavy rainfall....
Rainfall in Africa in July, 1915
A map from 1915 of Africa and Madagascar showing mean rainfall distribution throughout the region in July, given in inches of precipitation. The map is color–coded to show the areas of sparse, moderate, and heavy rainfall....
Africa – Orographical, 1915
A map from 1915 of Africa and Madagascar showing general land elevations above and below sea level, and landform features, including mountain systems, plateaus, deserts, and plains throughout the region. The map uses color–contouring to show la...
Vegetation Map of Africa, 1915
A map from 1915 of Africa and Madagascar showing the general vegetation regions. The map is color–coded to show areas of forests, grasslands, steppes, poor steppes, and deserts....
Density of Population of Africa, 1915
A map from 1915 of Africa and Madagascar showing the population density of the region at the time. This map is keyed to show areas of population densities ranging from under 2 inhabitants per square mile to areas of over 512 inhabitants per square mi...
Political Map of Africa, 1915
A map from 1915 of Africa and Madagascar showing the political boundaries and principal cities throughout the region at the time, including European possessions....
Political Colonial Africa, 1916
A political map of the African continent in 1916, showing the European territorial claims established at the Berlin Conference in 1885. This map also shows the territorial enclaves of British Walfish Bay in German Southwest Africa, Spanish Guinea in ...
Physical Africa, 1916
A physical map of the African continent showing general elevations color coded as lands below sea level in purple, sea level to 1000 feet in green, 1000 to 2000 feet in yellow, 2000 to 5000 feet in light orange, and over 5000 feet in dark orange. Bat...
Drainage Basins of Africa, 1916
A map of the major drainage basins of the African continent indicating the hydrologic flow to the Atlantic and Gulf of Guinea, the Mediterranean, the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, and the interior basins of the Sahara and Kalahari deserts and Abyssinian ...
Population Density in Africa, 1916
A map showing the population density of Africa in 1916 showing density ranges from under 2 inhabitants to areas along the Nile River valley and delta of more than 512 inhabitants per square mile....
World War I: African Colonies Lost by Germany, 1916
This map shows the African colonies lost by Germany in 1916 during World War I. "At the beginning of 1916 only two colonies remained to Germany, Kamerun and German East Africa. Kamerun was completely overrun by Belgian, British and French troops...
Post-WWI Africa, 1918
This map is of Africa after World War I. The scramble by Italy, Belgium, and Germany to create colonies in order to keep up with the British, French, and Spanish Empires was played out in Africa, the last remaining continent yet to be completely divi...
Africa After WWI, 1919
A map of all German colonies and possessions in Africa ceded to the Allies in the Treaty of Versailles at the close of WWI....
Africa, 1919
A map from 1919 of Africa showing the territorial changes made after World War I. The map shows the areas ceded by Germany, including Togo and Kamerun to be decided by British and French mandate, German East Africa under British mandate, and German S...
Africa, 1920
A map of Africa in 1920 showing colonial possessions of the British, French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Belgians, including the former German colonies, lost after WWI, to French and British control per the Treaty of Versailles. This map shows ...
Natural Regions of Africa, 1920
A map from 1920 of Africa and Madagascar showing principal physical features and natural regions. The map is color–coded to show lowlands, uplands and plateaus, the Kongo basin, the older, worn down mountains, and young, rugged mountains. The m...
Annual Rainfall in Africa, 1920
A map from 1920 of Africa and Madagascar showing the mean annual rainfall distribution given in inches, seasonal variations in precipitation, and seasonal costal wind direction. The map is color–coded to show annual precipitation ranging from u...
Land Regions of Africa, 1920
A color relief map of the African continent showing regional vegetation and terrain including lands below sea level, grasslands, temperate and tropical forests, oases, semideserts, and deserts and barren mountain slopes. The map also shows wet weathe...
Post-WWI Africa, 1920
A map of Africa in 1920 showing colonial possessions of the British, French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Belgians, including the former German colonies, lost after WWI, per the Treaty of Versailles. This map shows major cities and trade centers...
Post-WWI Africa, 1920
A political map of Africa in 1920 showing colonial possessions of the British, French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Belgians, including the former German colonies, lost after WWI, per the Treaty of Versailles. The map shows major cities, rivers,...
Population Distributions in Africa, 1920
A map from 1920 of Africa and Madagascar showing the population distribution in the region, keyed to show densities ranging from under 2 persons per square mile to over 250 persons per square mile....
Africa, 1921
A map from 1921 of Africa showing the territorial changes made after World War I. "Map showing in red the mandatories for former German colonies and new boundaries of countries in Africa. Abandoned Boundaries crossed in red." — Depart...
Africa after WWI, 1921
Political map of Africa shortly after WWI showing boundary changes, including losses of German territory after the Treaty of Versailles. German Southwest Africa is shown as part of the Union of South Africa, and German East Africa is shown as Tangany...
European Possessions of Africa, 1922
A political map of Africa showing European possessions after WWI and the ceding of German possessions in accordance to the Treaty of Versailles. The inset map details the Cape Verde Islands and Senegal, Gambia, and Portuguese Guinea....
Sketch Map of Mid-Century Africa, Circa 1850
A map of Africa around the middle of the nineteenth century showing European interests on the continent prior to the Berlin Conference of 1885, which established their territorial claims. The majority of the continent was unexplored at this time, and...
Post-WWI Africa, 1920
A political map of Africa in 1920 showing colonial possessions of the British, French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Belgians, including the former German colonies, lost after WWI, per the Treaty of Versailles. This map also shows the Caprivi Str...

 
   Production of Copper, Lead, and Zinc in Africa, 1913
"Production of copper, lead, and zinc in Africa in 1913... Each dot represents 1 per cent of world's production. A cross represents less than 1/2 per cent of world's production...Mandatories for former German colonies and changes in boundaries o...
 
    Africa, 1904
"Africa – Second only to Asia in point of size, the continent of Africa, including the islands contiguous to its shore, has an area of 11,854,000 square miles, yet is the least important of all the great divisions of the globe, judged by t...
 
  Africa before the Berlin Conference, 1882
A map of Africa as it was known in 1882 before the Berlin Conference of 1885, when the most powerful countries in Europe at the time convened to make their territorial claims on Africa and establish their colonial borders at the start of the New Impe...



 

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